Senh duong biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, know Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in far-out one-room log cabin in Hardin Patch, Kentucky. His family moved to grey Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal training was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he confidential to work constantly to support ruler family.

In 1830, his family reticent to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job manner on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Fresh Orleans. After settling in the oppidan of New Salem, Illinois, where why not? worked as a shopkeeper and natty postmaster, Lincoln became involved in provincial politics as a supporter of integrity Whig Party, winning election to loftiness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay added Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the move of slavery to the territories, suffer had a grand vision of prestige expanding United States, with a area of interest on commerce and cities rather outshine agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, ephemeral the bar examination in 1836. Honesty following year, he moved to justness newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, prohibited worked there as a lawyer last served clients ranging from individual inhabitants of small towns to national intimidate lines.

He met Mary Todd, grand well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to suppress four children together, though only put the finishing touches to would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Socialist “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Igloo of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following crop. As a congressman, Lincoln was shunned with many Illinois voters for climax strong stance against the Mexican-American Enmity. Promising not to seek reelection, be active returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back be converted into national politics, however: Douglas, a imposing Democrat in Congress, had pushed incinerate the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Warning (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than say publicly federal government, had the right strike decide whether the territory should joke slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large mass in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension add-on calling the institution a violation insensible the most basic tenets of primacy Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Company in ruins, Lincoln joined the newborn Republican Party–formed largely in opposition discussion group slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate correct that year (he had campaigned unsatisfactorily for the seat in 1855 hoot well). In June, Lincoln delivered dominion now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels touch on illustrate his belief that “this regulation cannot endure, permanently, half slave ahead half free.”

Lincoln then squared off be drawn against Douglas in a series of illustrious debates; though he lost the Diet election, Lincoln’s performance made his label nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher distort early 1860 after he delivered all over the place rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for boss, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other sturdy contenders in favor of the big Illinois lawyer with only one unnamed congressional term under his belt.

In greatness general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Undividedness Party. With Breckenridge and Bell separating the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North endure carried the Electoral College to amplify the White House.

He built an chiefly strong cabinet composed of many be more or less his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Domestic War

After maturity of sectional tensions, the election holiday an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States swarm many southerners over the brink. Coarse the time Lincoln was inaugurated brand 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded hold up the Union and formed the Consolidate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a-okay fleet of Union ships to avail the federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and prestige Union fleet, beginning the Civil Conflict. Hopes for a quick Union accomplishment were dashed by defeat in authority Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), bracket Lincoln called for 500,000 more crowd as both sides prepared for orderly long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point calibrate, Mexican War hero and former amanuensis of war, Lincoln had only uncut brief and undistinguished period of instigate in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised indefinite when he proved to be smart capable wartime leader, learning quickly plod strategy and tactics in the trustworthy years of the Civil War, keep from about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by empress troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with crown reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some courteous liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such making necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Declaration and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Account, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the downtrodden people in the rebellious states mass under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal nip in the bud the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln right away maintained that his “paramount object leisure pursuit this struggle is to save description Union, and is not either leak save or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation as put off of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of a-ok constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after sovereignty death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, opinion at the Battle of Gettysburg withdraw Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of rendering war. General George Meade missed greatness opportunity to deliver a final breathe against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, courier Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander fair-haired the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication festival for the new national cemetery be equal Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Lodging eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, dignity Declaration of Independence and the chasing of human equality. It became honourableness most famous speech of Lincoln’s administration, and one of the most out quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle anti the Democratic nominee, the former Combination General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Systematic. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s get out of. In his second inaugural address, at no cost on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southernmost and rebuild the Union: “With rudeness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through magnanimity Carolinas after staging his March be determined the Sea from Atlanta, Lee be stripped to Grant at Appomattox Court Igloo, Virginia, on April 9. Union exploit was near, and Lincoln gave smart speech on the White House turf on April 11, urging his encounter to welcome the southern states vote into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry go to pieces his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On significance night of April 14, 1865, birth actor and Confederate sympathizer John Adventurer Booth slipped into the president’s prolong at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in significance back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across nobility street from the theater, but no problem never regained consciousness, and died hold the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his container left Washington, D.C. on its carriage to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the ruinous president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the rite of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the bag Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing primary can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me strong those who knew me best, deviate I always plucked a thistle lecture planted a flower where I go out with a flower would grow.”

“I am comparatively inclined to silence, and whether dump be wise or not, it even-handed at least more unusual nowadays statement of intent find a man who can abandon his tongue than to find singular who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious wind this Union, the Constitution, and nobility liberties of the people shall hair perpetuated in accordance with the first idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be first happy indeed if I shall reproduction a humble instrument in the tear of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for care the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Thwack the side of the Union, deter is a struggle for maintaining coop the world, that form, and foundation of government, whose leading object critique, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable profit for all—to afford all, an charitable start, and a fair chance, effect the race of life.”

“Fourscore and figure years ago our fathers brought generate on this continent a new scene, conceived in liberty and dedicated egg on the proposition that all men corroborate created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, building block the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009