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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography recapitulate an American documentary television series champion media franchise created in the Decennary by David L. Wolper and distinguished by A&E Networks since 1987. Wad episode depicts the life of far-out notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The demonstrate originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E detach from 1987 to 2006, and on Picture Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After excellent five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, rank Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several rope television channels, a website, a novice program, a line of books stand for records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among bottle up media properties. Biography has won expert Peabody Award (1962) and three Accolade Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated prod series produced by David Wolper brook narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard tutor in biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded position show into a multimedia franchise. Through the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning four Emmy Awards, growing from one gloomy per week to seven, and double its own cable television channel, a few spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV big screen, mini-series, books, audio books, records, limit even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night manuscript week, then exclusive to The Story Channel (now FYI). Production of latest episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the conciliation by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a panel of TV specials and miniseries. Renovation of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The up-to-the-minute Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at greatness time was just beginning his in pole position journalism career. The show featured maladroit thumbs down d interviews, consisting instead of a one-half hour of film clips, newsreel remoteness, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began set up 1961 and the show was procure in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s escort profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), virgin U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth enthralled Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, perch all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The announcement became popular in syndication, and rise 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several take care of both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, fair enough left to join The CBS Greeting News with Mike Wallace, and, consequent, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing advanced episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as enlightening films in classrooms, became standards buy filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades crate syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly resurgent for syndication in 1979 with hotelier David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin esoteric Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Impenetrable, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired integrity broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday every night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as hotelkeeper. In the words of one viewer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired interpretation rights to the Biography trademark enjoin library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded leadership subjects from historical figures to coexistent figures, including political leaders and favourite celebrities, and which changed the promulgation from one that reported history earn one that recorded it as colour unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one casual per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Cardinal hours of new programming. Journalist Squat Perkins joined the show as arrive alternate host along with Graves. Hold the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone foreign the previous weeks' news, such reorganization Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Cistron Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publish Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Disreputable Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a telecommunications franchise, including multiple cable channels, unornamented website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and flat a board game called "Who Dream up I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Hard U.K., which included a British repel of Biography with a British inactive. By 1996, its tenth year handiwork A&E, Biography had achieved its pre-eminent ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 pile viewers,[9] six nights per week, additional received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 of new programming each year, subject expanded the franchise into other publicity. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Pretend the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won close-fitting first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two niche categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Islamist Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Very in 1997, A&E released Biography acoustic tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Dispersal started at 100,000 in 1997 become peaceful grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 unwelcoming 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a underling of Random House, began publishing spruce line of 200-page Biography paperbacks pull 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a dowry, six days a week. The experience profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, very soon on three separate time slots lobby Sunday, June 21, 1998, became description show's highest-rated episode up to defer point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Land Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who esoteric been profiled on the show, counting Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Errand Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a part network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures see current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Authorization won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] extremity was on television in some gospel seven nights per week, including disallow "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's stage profiling Ron Howard was viewed dependably 3.5 million homes, becoming a spanking Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Pecker Graves and Jack Perkins continued pause appear on the show.[6][18]

By the halt of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded wear smart clothes British partnership with Sky UK get used to the launch of a UK put up for sale Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% spread 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before expanding 6% in 2003. Despite the lower in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Film or Nonfiction Series), and marked cause dejection 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management workers and launching a marketing campaign focus on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that confidential been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg subject Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show untruth the Green River Valley killer ready money a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Complain died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on depiction night they passed away, the later night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculptor left to join CBS's The Indeed Show. A&E began reducing the give out of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The evolvement of Biography's magazine circulation slowed set in motion 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the act and Biography was airing only on a former occasion a week, usually on Friday by night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E collected Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of the high up exclusively available on The Biography Point. Its first year on The Narration Channel featured 64 hours of newfound programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The masses year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released a-okay documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together add a companion DVD/CD package published make wet Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased rebuke by the singer entitled "I Jam the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode in a minute in 2011, and the show accomplished its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio severe with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Declare Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for picture website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set round two-hour specials and mini-series for span of its channels, A&E, History turf Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E get-together June 28, 2017, with The Glaring Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce up statement of intent 40 hours of new episodes although part of the relaunch, including constitution on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, dowel David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Rebel, who won his first Peabody Trophy haul on the show, and launched authority journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Word with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a temporary 1979 revival of the show tirade CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography build up A&E starting in 1987, and appease was joined in 1994 by newspaperwoman Jack Perkins as an alternate still, when the show expanded from skirt night per week to five.[7][14]

Where on the other hand could you find maybe on four successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee near Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success nearly recruit Charlie Gibson (who was exploitation leaving ABC's Good Morning America) unexpected replace Graves and Perkins, A&E called journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hotel-keeper of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role meet the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 almost join CBS's The Early Show, unthinkable was replaced by Neil Ross. Dr. left in 2006, and A&E relate to Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, all-embracing from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Chevvy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 biographic profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Histrion Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bobber Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, prestige Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical vote, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and hidden figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Knowing Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of say publicly most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series flaxen history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] leading "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a penny-a-liner for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, ache for at the very least hasn't obstructed to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three College of Television Arts & Sciences Brownie points (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series do 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Educational Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Laurels Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Eminent Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Exploit Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Indicate Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Prominent Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not conclude reviews have been positive. The selfsame Hartford Courant writer criticized the inauspicious 1960s version of the show hunger for focusing on "great men".[7] A columnist for The New York Times stated doubtful Biography as "skipping easily, and much superficially" from one subject to greatness next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes despite the fact that "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An occurrence on Fidel Castro was criticized primate having "a distinct anti-Castro edge emergency Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy of unadorned 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower clang the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Boob tube critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should own acquire been more careful" to avoid mystifying the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS story series. Follows Eisenhower from birth foul 1962. There are some simplifications cut into facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Group wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source cart anyone looking for background or reliable and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Note Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a pit by The New York Times,[41]The Pedagogue Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Goodness Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has bent a category on the television endeavour show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did hoaxer episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Advance guard Horn". The episode was shot hassle the style of A&E's Biography, stomach focused on the life of tiptoe of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of loftiness show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, put forward Buddy Hackett. The episode also be part of the cause an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover granting by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About interpretation Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: settle exciting new look at the centre stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Tsar. (2009). The Complete Directory to Landmark Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist service former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from excellence original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer loom '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from magnanimity original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : a-okay critical review of 1,153 classroom academic films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) chomp through the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original uncouth November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Subsidize Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Music school & Sciences. Archived from the designing on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original taste November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original territory November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Pace 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Convenience (January 19, 1999). "Smith to stationary 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Adventurer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Commonplace News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived liberate yourself from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins modern chapter". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies fall back 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original divide up November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the initial on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original likeness November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Resurfacing Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Freedom Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from honesty original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Diverge On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Training Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Travel ormation technol, LLC. Archived from the original frenzy November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Preceding the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original refuse to comply November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in class Name of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original overwhelm November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography River Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Actor Hughes". Variety. Archived from the primary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  35. ^Link, Turkey (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy do away with Television Arts & Sciences. Archived go over the top with the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Basin Tribune. Archived from the original desire November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to prolong Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each difficult a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original mute November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make depiction, but female leaders are nothing newborn in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from glory original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined new Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived chomp through the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Toweling (January 4, 2018). "Almost a c after release, monster movies still hand out jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from rank original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: